Fluency and coherence
Speaks fluently with only rare repetition or self-correction; any hesitation is content-related rather than to find words or grammar

Speaks coherently with fully appropriate cohesive features

Develops topics fully and appropriately

Lexical resource
Uses vocabulary with full flexibility and precision in all topics

Uses idiomatic language naturally and accurately

Grammatical range and accuracy
Uses a full range of structures naturally and appropriately

Produces consistently accurate structures apart from ‘slips’

Pronunciation
Uses a full range of pronunciation features with precision and subtlety

Sustains flexible use of features throughout

Is effortless to understand

Fluency and coherence
Speaks fluently with only occasional repetition or self- correction; hesitation is usually content-related and only rarely to search for language

Develops topics coherently and appropriately

Lexical resource
Uses a wide vocabulary resource readily and flexibly to convey precise meaning

Uses less common and idiomatic vocabulary skilfully, with occasional inaccuracies

Uses paraphrase effectively as required

Grammatical range and accuracy
Uses a wide range of structures flexibly

Produces a majority of error-free sentences with only very occasional inappropriacies or basic/non-systematic errors

Pronunciation
Uses a wide range of pronunciation features

Sustains flexible use of features, with only occasional lapses

Is easy to understand throughout; L1 accent has minimal effect on intelligibility

Fluency and coherence
Speaks at length without noticeable effort or loss of coherence

May demonstrate language-related hesitation at times, or some repetition and/or self-correction

Uses a range of connectives and discourse markers with some flexibility

Lexical resource
Uses vocabulary resource flexibly to discuss a variety of topics

Uses some less common and idiomatic vocabulary and shows some awareness of style and collocation, with some inappropriate choices

Uses paraphrase effectively

Grammatical range and accuracy
Uses a range of complex structures with some flexibility

Frequently produces error-free sentences, though some grammatical mistakes persist

Pronunciation
Shows all the positive features of Band 6 and some, but not all, of the positive features of Band 8

Fluency and coherence
Is willing to speak at length, though may lose coherence at times due to occasional repetition, self-correction or hesitation

Uses a range of connectives and discourse markers but not always appropriately

Lexical resource
Has a wide enough vocabulary to discuss topics at length and make meaning clear in spite of inappropriacies

Generally paraphrases successfully

Grammatical range and accuracy
Uses a mix of simple and complex structures, but with limited flexibility

May make frequent mistakes with complex structures, though these rarely cause comprehension problems

Pronunciation
Uses a range of pronunciation features with mixed control

Shows some effective use of features but this is not sustained

Can generally be understood throughout, though mispronunciation of individual words or sounds reduces clarity at times

Fluency and coherence
Usually maintains flow of speech but uses repetition, self correction and/or slow speech to keep going

May over-use certain connectives and discourse markers

Produces simple speech fluently, but more complex communication causes fluency problems

Lexical resource
Manages to talk about familiar and unfamiliar topics but uses vocabulary with limited flexibility

Attempts to use paraphrase but with mixed success

Grammatical range and accuracy
Produces basic sentence forms with reasonable accuracy

Uses a limited range of more complex structures, but these usually contain errors and may cause some comprehension problems

Pronunciation
Shows all features of band 4 and some, but not all the positive features of band 6

Fluency and coherence
Cannot respond without noticeable pauses and may speak slowly, with frequent repetition and self-correction

Links basic sentences but with repetitious use of simple connectives and some breakdowns in coherence

Lexical resource
Is able to talk about familiar topics but can only convey basic meaning on unfamiliar topics and makes frequent errors in word choice

Rarely attempts paraphrase

Grammatical range and accuracy
Produces basic sentence forms and some correct simple sentences but subordinate structures are rare

Errors are frequent and may lead to misunderstanding

Pronunciation
Uses a limited range of pronunciation features

Attempts to control features but lapses are frequent

Mispronunciations are frequent and cause some difficulty for the listener

Fluency and coherence
Speaks with long pauses

Has limited ability to link simple sentences

Gives only simple responses and is frequently unable to convey basic message

Lexical resource
Uses simple vocabulary to convey personal information

Has insufficient vocabulary for less familiar topics

Grammatical range and accuracy
Attempts basic sentence forms but with limited success, or relies on apparently memorised utterances

Makes numerous errors except in memorised expressions

Pronunciation
Shows some of the features of band 2 and some, but not all, of the positive features of band 4

Fluency and coherence
Pauses lengthily before most words
Little communication possible

Lexical resource
Only produces isolated words or memorised utterances

Grammatical range and accuracy
Cannot produce basic sentence forms

Pronunciation
Speech is often unintelligible

Fluency and coherence
No communication possible
No rateable language

Lexical resource
No communication possible
No rateable language

Grammatical range and accuracy
No communication possible
No rateable language

Pronunciation
No communication possible
No rateable language

Fluency and coherence
Does not attend

Lexical resource
Does not attend

Grammatical range and accuracy
Does not attend

Pronunciation
Does not attend